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《天津医科大学学报》[ISSN:1006-8147/CN:12-1259/R]

卷:

28卷

期数:

2022年02期

页码:

191-194,217

栏目:

预防医学

出版日期:

2022-03-20

文章信息/Info

Title:

A prospective study on the association between dietary types， dietary diversity and cognitive changes among community-based elderly in Tianjin

文章编号:

1006-8147(2022)02-0191-05

作者:

竹丽萍¹; 熊英²; 吴晓敏¹; 马菲¹

（1.天津医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系，天津300070；2.天津南开区王顶堤医院社区科，天津300190）

Author(s):

ZHU Li-ping¹; XIONG Ying ²;  WU Xiao-min¹;  MA Fei¹

（1.Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics，School of Public Health， Tianjin Medical University， Tianjin 300070， China； 2. Department of Community，Wangdingdi Hospital， Nankai District， Tianjin 300190， China）

关键词:

老年人; 认知; 膳食多样性; 广义线性混合模型; 前瞻性队列研究

Keywords:

elderly; cognition; dietary diversity; generalized linear mixed model;  prospective cohort study

分类号:

R153.3

DOI:

-

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

目的：探讨老年人膳食种类及膳食多样性与认知变化的关联。方法：采用前瞻性队列研究，于2011年整群抽样选取65岁及以上社区老年人作为研究对象。2011—2019年逐年随访测试参与者的认知状况。研究对象的基线饮食信息采用膳食频率问卷获得，通过《中国居民膳食指南（2016）》推荐摄入量计算膳食多样性指数；采用韦氏成人智力量表（修订版）测量智商值评估认知。广义线性混合回归模型分析老年人膳食种类、膳食多样性指数与认知变化的关联。结果：共纳入研究对象509名，中位随访时间为3年。广义线性混合模型分析结果显示，禽畜肉与总智商（β=0.01，P=0.03）、言语智商（β=0.01，P=0.01）变化关联有统计学意义，蛋类与操作智商变化关联有统计学意义（β=0.01，P=0.01），即较高摄入禽畜肉、蛋类可延缓老年人智商改变；豆类及制品与总智商（β=-0.01，P<0.01）、言语智商（β=-0.01，P<0.01）、操作智商（β=-0.01，P<0.01）变化关联有统计学意义，谷薯与言语智商变化关联有统计学意义（β=-0.00，P=0.03）、水果与操作智商变化关联有统计学意义（β=-0.01，P=0.03），咸菜与总智商（β=-0.02，P=0.02）、言语智商（β=-0.01，P=0.02）、操作智商（β=-0.02，P=0.01）变化关联有统计学意义，即较高摄入豆类及制品、谷薯、水果、咸菜可加快老年人智商改变；较高膳食多样性指数与言语智商变化关联有统计学意义（β=0.47，P=0.02）。结论：禽畜肉、蛋类可延缓老年人认知减退；豆类及制品、谷薯、水果、咸菜可加速老年人认知减退；较高膳食多样指数与延缓老年人认知变化有显著关联。

Abstract:

Objective： To explore the relationship between dietary types， dietary diversity and cognitive change in the elderly. Methods： A prospective cohort study was used in this study. A cluster sampling method was used to select community seniors aged 65 years and older as subjects in 2011. Participants were followed up once a year from 2011 to 2019 for cognitive status.The baseline dietary information of subjects was investigated by dietary frequency questionnaire， and dietary diversity index was calculated based on the recommended intake of Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents （2016）. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale（revised） was used to measure IQ to assess cognition. Generalized linear mixed regression model was used to analyze the association between dietary types， dietary diversity index and cognitive change in the elderly. Results：A total of 509 subjects were included with a median follow-up of 3 years. Analysis results of generalized linear mixed model show that there was statistical association between poultry meat and full IQ（β=0.01，P=0.03） and verbal IQ（β=0.01， P=0.01），and between eggs and performance IQ （β=0.01，P=0.01）. High intake of poultry meat and eggs can delay IQ decline in the elderly. There was statistical association between beans and soybean products and full IQ（β=-0.01， P<0.01）， verbal IQ（β=-0.01，P<0.01） and performance IQ（β=-0.01，P<0.01）， between cereal potato and verbal IQ （β=-0.00， P=0.03），between fruit and performance IQ （β=-0.01， P=0.03），and between pickles and full IQ（β=0.02，P=0.02），verbal IQ（β=-0.01，P=0.02）， performance IQ （β=-0.02，P= 0.01）.High intake of beans and soybean products，cereal potato，fruit， pickles canaccelerateIQ decline in the elderly. Higher dietary diversity index was statistically associated with changes in verbal IQ（β=0.47，P=0.02）. Conclusion： Poultry meat， and eggs can delay cognitive decline in older adults. Legumes and products， cereal potato，fruits and pickles can accelerate cognitive decline in older adults. Higher dietary diversity index was significantly associated with delayed changes in cognition in older adults.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

基金项目 国家自然科学基金面上项目（81874261）；中国营养学会-振东国人体质与健康研究基金（CNS-ZD2019080）
作者简介 竹丽萍（1993-），女，硕士在读，研究方向：营养流行病学；通信作者：马菲，E-mail:mafei@tmu.edu.cn。

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更新日期/Last Update: 2022-03-20